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Indian Wine Industry Forecast to 2012 report provides extensive research and rational analysis on the wine market in India. Our research gives deep insight into India’s wine consumption in terms of domestically-produced and imported wines, price structure, sales by location, type of wine consumed and a possible regional segmentation. Our research also highlights the market trends and developments that are expected to play key role in the growth of Indian wine market over the forecast period. Besides this, the report provides thorough analysis on the wine production, wine exports and wine imports of the country. ( http://www.bharatbook.com/Market-Research-Reports/Indian-Wine-Industry-Forecast-to-2012.html )

India has emerged as one of the fastest growing markets for wine on the global map. Despite the country’s vast population of over 1.1 Billion, the consumption of wine remains extremely low. The per capita consumption of wine in the country was estimated at around 9 Milliliters in 2008, indicating huge potential for growth in the coming years. Various factors such as favorable government policies, increasing disposable income, amplified wine marketing and influence of western culture are helping to drive India’s wine consumption. According to our latest research report, “Indian Wine Industry Forecast to 2012”, wine consumption in India is expected to grow by 25-30% annually between 2009 and 2012.

We have found that various policies by the state level governments are encouraging domestic wine producers to set up their own wineries in the country, giving a boost to the domestic industry. Efforts by the Maharashtra and Karnataka governments remain far-fetched in this regard. However, such measures have raised concerns to WTO which states that India is adopting protectionist policies for its domestic wine industry meanwhile curbing growth of imports.

While local players are including affordable imported wines in their portfolios to attract new consumers, foreign firms are trying hard to expand in the market owing to high rate of tax levied. Our research indicates that the premium wine segment in the country is dominated by imported wines. This is because domestic wines are still unable to demand a high price, largely because of low brand awareness and lack of quality taste. Meanwhile, total consumption is dominated by domestically-produced cheap wine.

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Article Source:http://www.articlesbase.com/wines-and-spirits-articles/india-has-emerged-as-one-of-the-fastest-growing-markets-for-wine-on-the-global-map-1444853.html

A Cigar is a natural product and the quality of a cigar is directly linked with the type and quality of tobacco used in its production, just as the wine depends on the type and quality of grapes used for the brewing.

The fields for tobacco are flat so that the seeds don’t flow away with the water stream. After planting the seed, they are covered with cloth or straw to protect them from the direct light of the sun. This covering is gradually removed as they begin to germinate, and after around 35 days the fields are sprayed with pesticides, they are then transplanted in to tobacco fields usually in the second half of October. The fields are irrigated from below and the leaves are watered both by rain and the morning dew.

The tobacco plant is mainly considered as a three parts plant: the top of the plant is called corona, the middle, and the bottom. As the leaves grow, buds appear at the top. These have to be removed by hand to prevent the plants from stunting leaf and growth. The quality of wrapper leaf is very important for any cigar. A special type of plant called Corojos, specifically used to provide wrapper leaves for the very best cigars. These plants are always grown under gauze sheets held up by tall wooden poles, which protects them from becoming too thick in a protective response to sunlight. Another technique, called tapado can also be used to cover the plants to helps them remain smooth.

During the harvest, leaves are removed by hand using a single movement. The selected leaves for wrappers are put in bundles of five called manojo, or hand. The leaves are picked in six phases:

libra de pie (at the base) uno y medio (one-and-a-half) centro ligero (light center) centro fino (thin center) centro gordo (thick center) corona (crown)

The libra de pie section cannot be used for wrappers. A gap of one week is given between each phase. The finest leaves are found in the middle of the plant; the top leaves (corona) are usually too oily to be used for wrappers so they are only used for domestic consumption, and are often used as binder leaves. Each plant is visited for an average of 170 times and the whole cycle from transplanted seedlings to the end of harvesting takes some 120 days.

The wrapper leaves grown under cover are classified by color:

ligero (light)

seco (dry)

viso (glossy)

amarillo (yellow)

medio tiempo (half texture)

quebrado (broken)

The plants, which are grown direct sun, are divided into volado, seco, ligero, and medio tiempo. The leaves from the top of the plant have a very strong flavor, the seco from the middle are much lighter, and the volado leaves from the bottom are used to add bulk and for their burning qualities. To make a good quality cigar, all the various types are blended together, along with a suitable wrapper leaf, in a special proportions to give cigar a mild, medium, or full flavor. It also ensures that the cigar will burn well. Large, average, small size are classified and by physical condition. Unhealthy or broken leaves are used for cigarettes or machine-made cigars. If all the leaves are good, each wrapper plant can wrap 32 cigars. The condition and quality of the wrapper leaf is important for the attractive appearance of a cigar, as well as for the aroma and taste.

The bundles of leaves are then taken to a shelter. The shelter faces west so that the sun heats one end in the morning and the other in the late after-noon. The temperature and humidity under the shelter is carefully controlled, by opening and closing the doors at both ends to take account of changes of temperature or rainfall. The leaves are left to dry for between 45 and 60 days, depending on the weather. During this time, the green chlorophyll in the leaves turns to brown carotene, giving them their characteristic color.

Then these are brought to fermentation houses and placed in piles about three feet high, covered with jute. Enough moisture remains in the leaves to start the fermentation. Heat develops, but the temperature must be watched carefully so that it does not exceed 92 degrees F during the 35 to 40 days that the piles are left intact. The leaves assume a uniform color.

These leaves are then sorted and stripped. Each leaf is carefully examined and graded. Broken leaves are set aside, to be used for cigarettes.
The leaves then return to the fermentation area. The second fermentation begins within the damp leaves. The temperature inside must not exceed 110 degrees F for around 60 days. Because of the fermentation process, cigar tobacco is much lower in acidity, tar, and nicotine than cigarette tobacco, making it much more appetizing.

It is now time for the leaves to be sent to the factories or warehouses for further production.

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In tobacco-related news: Recent reports in several media outlets throw some light on the deepening problem that illegal small cigar factories, known as chinchals, pose for the Cuban government. It turns out that other United States neighbors face similar problems in managing the flow of tobacco.

A flurry of news reports suggests that Canada is having trouble controlling contraband tobacco–generally tobacco either stolen from producers or sold off-the-books in order to avoid the country’s high tobacco taxes. The scale of the problem? No one’s entirely sure, but one of the largest Canadian tobacco companies has suggested that untaxed revenue from contraband tobacco is costing the country billions of dollars. And in a recession, that’s not chump change.

The same study (funded by industry groups) found that up to thirty percent of the tobacco used in Canada is illegal. That number balloons to forty or fifty percent in places like Ontario and Quebec.

One reason this is a serious issue is such tobacco, often sold on the super-cheap in bulk to consumers for a rate that amounts to pennies per cigarette, does not have to clear any health, safety, or quality control boards.

In addition, the larger the trade gets, the bigger the revenue that the government misses out on taxing–which creates big problems for a society with such a generous tradition of social spending. It also means lower sales for convenience stores and other legitimate businesses, not to mention the tobacco companies themselves, who figure their lost revenue at nine hundred million.

Where is this tobacco coming from? The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (who seize large amounts of the stuff every year) say it’s coming from the United States. More specifically, they trace some of the tobacco to the Akwesasne Mohawk reserve near Ontario, which extends across the US-Canada border. Thus the problem with enforcement: the tobacco is coming from a place that crosses national boundaries, and has a certain amount of limited freedom from both. Several levels of a couple different governments need to be enlisted in any effort to significantly reduce the tobacco influx … as well as, most likely, a study of who is producing this tobacco, and what economic, social or legislative changes might reduce their incentive to do so.

In the meantime, say critics, the Canadian government could at least prohibit sales of tobacco products such as rolling papers to those who don’t, you know, have a license to make or sell tobacco products.

In any case, news reports don’t mention a widespread illegal-cigar tobacco problem. And cigars do indeed represent a less attractive option for counterfeiters. Cigar aficionados are looking for better-quality cigar tobacco, and part of the reason for growing illegal cigar tobacco is that you don’t have to do quality control. Also, chopped-up cheap tobacco is easier to transport and hide than the full-leaf kind that tends to make a great cigar. Illegal cigar-making tends only to happen in cases where there’s a strong incentive to do so, as in Cuba … and people don’t exactly stream across the border for these great Canadian cigars.

Still, in a troubled economy, how long before we can expect to see similar problems arise in the other areas? In the meantime, the Canadians’ problem is one more reason to buy cigars from a trustworthy, known source.

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